WHY AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES AFFECT MORE WOMEN THAN MEN, SCIENTISTS ANSWER. IS THERE ANY WAY TO STAY PROTECTED FROM THEM?

Researchers discovered that specific molecules linked to the extra X chromosome women carry might hold the key, sometimes confusing the immune system and leading to these devastating conditions. (Source: Freepik)

Imagine your body's defences turning against itself - that's the plight of millions suffering from autoimmune diseases like lupus and MS, which disproportionately affect women. Telling news from a Cell Journal study shines a light on a possible culprit: the X chromosome! Researchers discovered that specific molecules linked to the extra X chromosome women carry might hold the key, sometimes confusing the immune system and leading to these devastating conditions.

Dr Sourav Pradhan, consultant rheumatologist, Manipal Hospital, Salt Lake, Kolkata, explained that various hypotheses support why women suffer from more autoimmune diseases and one such hypothesis is regarding the female sex hormone in the female i.e. estrogen and progesterone. "Estrogen has a strong effect on the immune system. When there is an imbalance or inflammation of the estrogen hormone, the risk of autoimmune disease increases among women," Dr Pradhan said.

Another is the chromosomal difference. Male and female embryos carry 22 identical pairs of chromosomes. The 23rd pair is different: Females carry two Xs, while males carry an X and a Y, which leads to the development of male sex organs.

Most of the genes in the second X-chromosome in females are inactive and non-functional but few of the genes in this second X-chromosome are active. Dr Pradhan said that these active genes play an important role in maintaining the immunity in females. Thus, these genes are also the reason that plays a pathological role in increasing the chances of autoimmune disease.

There is no stated rule to prevent the autoimmune disease because of the biological set-up of a woman, however, there are some things that you can do.

A few lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, both active and passive, will minimise the chances of autoimmune diseases, according to Dr Pradhan, who described them as the following.

While these strategies can be helpful, it's important to consult your healthcare professional for personalised guidance based on your unique health profile and risks. (Source: File)

Embrace a Whole Food Diet: Ditch processed foods laden with sugar and unhealthy fats. Focus on consuming a diverse range of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. These provide essential nutrients that support a healthy immune system.

Move Your Body Regularly: Exercise isn't just for fitness; it's a potent tool for immune health. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous activity weekly. Include activities you enjoy, like dancing, swimming, or cycling.

Prioritise Quality Sleep: Aim for 7-8 hours of restful sleep each night. Sleep deprivation weakens your immune system, making you more susceptible to various health issues.

Manage Stress Effectively: Chronic stress can wreak havoc on your immune system. Practice relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing to manage stress effectively.

Maintain a Healthy Weight: Excess weight puts strain on your body and can contribute to inflammation, a key player in autoimmunity. Aim for a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise.

Limit Smoking and Alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption weaken your immune system and increase your risk of various health problems, including autoimmune diseases.

While these strategies can be helpful, it's important to consult your healthcare professional for personalised guidance based on your unique health profile and risks. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes for many autoimmune diseases. Don't hesitate to seek medical advice if you have any concerns.

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2024-02-13T17:02:52Z dg43tfdfdgfd